Children of Men

Children of Men â€Å"Children of Men† is set in the year of 2027, when the world is in chaos with the multitude of political and social issues including immigration and fascism. The movie could be classified as science fiction because it consists of two common elements of the genre: a futuristic setting and a dystopian society. There is, however, no advanced technology or artificial intelligence. The cities look just like today, except they are shabby and grimy. Everything is awash in grim to reinforce the theme of a dystopian society. The gloomy setting makes London look like it did in the 19th century with its criminal world of the time.The color palette is stark, favoring grays over other hues. The movie vividly paints a bleak and horrific future that none of us would want to live in. In 2027, the world has become sterile. Britain, where the story is set, has become a somber place with a climate of nationalistic violence. Everywhere there are signs, warnings, and surveilla nce cameras. Immigrants are being purged and penned in cages. Heavily armed police fill the streets â€Å"only Britain soldiers on. †Ã‚   And above all, there are no children. No child has been born for eighteen years. The human race has become infertile; it is facing the likelihood of its own extinction. Children of Men† offers a possible beginning of the collapse – a world without children. And that collapse does not come through war, famine, or disease, but from the human race's infertility. The situation of the 2027 setting is built around contemporary issues such as immigration and terrorism. The lack of children and the possibility of children are the cause for all the action. The movie, however, is not really concerned about the reasons for the situation or how infertility will end the collective human race. Instead, it focuses on the reaction of individuals and societies to the unexpected reproductive crisis.It examines how one ray of hope becomes a tool used for politics and power. â€Å"Children of Men† is not really about children; it is about human civilization. Science-fiction films concerning dystopian societies commonly use confident and well – skilled heroes, but not â€Å"Children of Men. † Theo Faron is at the center of the conflict between government forces and an organized group of terrorists, the Fishes. Theo's rugged appearance and lack of motivation makes him a reluctant hero. In the beginning, Theo is indifferent to the death of eighteen year old Baby Diego. However, his perspective on life hanges when he meets Kee, a pregnant woman. Theo, an ex-activist, then is forced to face his own demons and protect the world's last remaining hope. Despite his average profession, he becomes Kee’s protector. This shows that men continue to be the dominant figures in society. Theo represents masculinity, bravery, and courage. Throughout â€Å"Children of Men,† viewers might feel conflicted betwee n the theory of good and evil as they are challenged which side they should take. At the beginning of the film, the audience sees themselves identify with the government, and thus sees the terrorists as evil.As the film progresses, however, the audience learns that the terrorists in the film are actually fighting for a good cause. When the film continues to be unfolded, the audience finds out that the terrorists want to use the child as a tool to gain power. Julian's goal is to help Kee escape to a safe place of safety run by a mysterious group called â€Å"The Human Project. Other Fishes have different ideas, viewing Kee's baby as a crucial device for their politics ambitions. The Fishes are no longer seen as being good in the audience’s view. It would be incomplete not to mention about the sound effects of the film.A variety of music follows Theo’s journey throughout the film. The sounds of traffic, barking dogs, screaming, and exploded bomb all add vital results to the dystopian world depicted in the film. Most remarkable, however, is the sound at the opening and ending of the film. â€Å"Children of Men† begins and ends with darkness, with only sounds heard, but those sounds tell the story. â€Å"Children of Men†Ã‚  highlights on the same problems society is facing today: crises involving racism, terrorism, pollution, and more. It is a dark but vivid story of hope and humanity. Children of Men Children of Men â€Å"Children of Men† is set in the year of 2027, when the world is in chaos with the multitude of political and social issues including immigration and fascism. The movie could be classified as science fiction because it consists of two common elements of the genre: a futuristic setting and a dystopian society. There is, however, no advanced technology or artificial intelligence. The cities look just like today, except they are shabby and grimy. Everything is awash in grim to reinforce the theme of a dystopian society. The gloomy setting makes London look like it did in the 19th century with its criminal world of the time.The color palette is stark, favoring grays over other hues. The movie vividly paints a bleak and horrific future that none of us would want to live in. In 2027, the world has become sterile. Britain, where the story is set, has become a somber place with a climate of nationalistic violence. Everywhere there are signs, warnings, and surveilla nce cameras. Immigrants are being purged and penned in cages. Heavily armed police fill the streets â€Å"only Britain soldiers on. †Ã‚   And above all, there are no children. No child has been born for eighteen years. The human race has become infertile; it is facing the likelihood of its own extinction. Children of Men† offers a possible beginning of the collapse – a world without children. And that collapse does not come through war, famine, or disease, but from the human race's infertility. The situation of the 2027 setting is built around contemporary issues such as immigration and terrorism. The lack of children and the possibility of children are the cause for all the action. The movie, however, is not really concerned about the reasons for the situation or how infertility will end the collective human race. Instead, it focuses on the reaction of individuals and societies to the unexpected reproductive crisis.It examines how one ray of hope becomes a tool used for politics and power. â€Å"Children of Men† is not really about children; it is about human civilization. Science-fiction films concerning dystopian societies commonly use confident and well – skilled heroes, but not â€Å"Children of Men. † Theo Faron is at the center of the conflict between government forces and an organized group of terrorists, the Fishes. Theo's rugged appearance and lack of motivation makes him a reluctant hero. In the beginning, Theo is indifferent to the death of eighteen year old Baby Diego. However, his perspective on life hanges when he meets Kee, a pregnant woman. Theo, an ex-activist, then is forced to face his own demons and protect the world's last remaining hope. Despite his average profession, he becomes Kee’s protector. This shows that men continue to be the dominant figures in society. Theo represents masculinity, bravery, and courage. Throughout â€Å"Children of Men,† viewers might feel conflicted betwee n the theory of good and evil as they are challenged which side they should take. At the beginning of the film, the audience sees themselves identify with the government, and thus sees the terrorists as evil.As the film progresses, however, the audience learns that the terrorists in the film are actually fighting for a good cause. When the film continues to be unfolded, the audience finds out that the terrorists want to use the child as a tool to gain power. Julian's goal is to help Kee escape to a safe place of safety run by a mysterious group called â€Å"The Human Project. Other Fishes have different ideas, viewing Kee's baby as a crucial device for their politics ambitions. The Fishes are no longer seen as being good in the audience’s view. It would be incomplete not to mention about the sound effects of the film.A variety of music follows Theo’s journey throughout the film. The sounds of traffic, barking dogs, screaming, and exploded bomb all add vital results to the dystopian world depicted in the film. Most remarkable, however, is the sound at the opening and ending of the film. â€Å"Children of Men† begins and ends with darkness, with only sounds heard, but those sounds tell the story. â€Å"Children of Men†Ã‚  highlights on the same problems society is facing today: crises involving racism, terrorism, pollution, and more. It is a dark but vivid story of hope and humanity.

The Incompatibility of Happiness and Truth

The Incompatibility of Happiness and Truth – Dystopia Brave New World is full of characters who do everything they can to avoid facing the truth about their own situations. The almost universal use of the drug soma is probably the most pervasive example of such willful self-delusion. Soma clouds the realities of the present and replaces them with happy hallucinations, and is thus a tool for promoting social stability. But even Shakespeare can be used to avoid facing the truth, as John demonstrates by his insistence on viewing Lenina through the lens of Shakespeare’s world, first as a Juliet and later as an â€Å"impudent strumpet. According to Mustapha Mond, the World State prioritizes happiness at the expense of truth by design: he believes that people are better off with happiness than with truth. Soma: The drug soma is a symbol of the use of instant gratification to control the World State’s populace. It is also a symbol of the powerful influence of science a nd technology on society. What are these two abstract entities that Mond juxtaposes? It seems clear enough from Mond’s argument that happiness refers to the immediate gratification of every citizen’s desire for food, sex, drugs, nice clothes, and other consumer items.It is less clear what Mond means by truth, or specifically what truths he sees the World State society as covering up. From Mond’s discussion with John, it is possible to identify two main types of truth that the World State seeks to eliminate. First, as Mond’s own past indicates the World State controls and muffles all efforts by citizens to gain any sort of scientific or empirical truth. Second, the government attempts to destroy all kinds of â€Å"human† truths, such as love, friendship, and personal connection.These two types of truth are quite different from each other: objective truth involves coming to a definitive conclusion of fact, while a â€Å"human† truth can only b e explored, not defined. Yet both kinds of truth are united in the passion that an individual might feel for them. As a young man, Mustapha Mond became enraptured with the delight of making discoveries, just as John loves the language and intensity of Shakespeare. The search for truth then, also seems to involve a great deal of individual effort, of striving and fighting against odds.The very will to search for truth is an individual desire that the communal society of Brave New World, based as it is on anonymity and lack of thought, cannot allow to exist. Truth and individuality thus become entwined in the novel’s thematic structure. Mustapha Mond Towards the end of the novel the reader gets more information about Mustapha Mond. John, Bernard and Helmholtz are taken to his office because of the scandal in the hospital. Mustapha Mond is one of the World Controllers and responsible for Western Europe.In the conversation with John he tells him that he was interested in science some years ago and because he was too clever for the society of Brave New World he had to choose between living on an island for the rest of his life and conforming to the lifestyle in that society, which was totally rebuilt after the Nine Years’ War and the Great Economic Collapse. He decided to conform and to use the chances the position of one of the World Controllers offers. Nevertheless he kept some of the books that are prohibited.When John who grew up with Shakespeare’s work asks him for the reason of this prohibition, he says that the government of Brave New World doesn’t want the people to be attracted by old things, especially books, because they should only like new things. In addition to that, the inhabitants wouldn’t understand books like â€Å"Othello†, because they live in totally different circumstances. They are happy, they aren’t afraid of anything, they get what they want and they never want what they can’t get.Brav e New World is a stable world and for understanding tragedies like â€Å"Othello† you need social instability. John criticises that art has been given up, but Mond explains to him that this is the price you have to pay for happiness. By giving John the example of an experiment where Alphas had to do even manual work all alone, but failed, he also explains the importance of the caste system, which is necessary for stability. Later, the two men talk about God and why he doesn’t exist in Brave New World.Mond says, that people don’t turn to God any longer, because they no longer have to suffer from illnesses, inconveniences, unhappiness, fears etc. so they can be independent of God and religion. John claims that God is the reason for everything noble and heroic, but Mustapha Mond tells him that there is no need for nobility or heroism, because everyone is conditioned: they can’t help doing what ought to be done and this is so pleasant that they don’t f eel the need to complain about anything.And if something unpleasant happens, there is always soma to make you happy again! Mustapha Mond is not able to convince John of his ideas and principles – in the end of their conversation John says that he claims the right to be unhappy, to become old and ugly, to have cancer and all sorts of illnesses, to have too little to eat, to be tortured†¦. so John claims the right to live like we live now.

Sports have always had a vital role through the performance of teams Essay

Sports have always had a vital role through the performance of teams - Essay Example COSTS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 3.2.1 Social costs†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 3.2.2. Economic cost†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 3.3. Potential risks and constraints†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.7 4. WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦7 5. MARKETING AND PROMOTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.†¦.9 5.1. Website†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 5.2. Social network†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 5.3. Media†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦10 6. NETWORK DIAGRAM AND CRITICAL PATH ANALYSIS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦11 7. GANTT CHART†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13 8. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦15 9 references and appe ndix 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Objectively, this competition aims to unite together all students from different university within the country. As one of the leading sports centre in the country, this university has been privileged to hold this year’s Universities National Championship which will be from13th to 16th of July. The arrival date will be 13th with 14th being the opening ceremony, followed by the main activities as from 14th to the final day 16th. The guest of hour for the opening ceremony will be the Permanent Secretary Ministry of Education; however, the closing ceremony will be presided over by the minister of Sports. Due to the large number participants and guests the event will require large amount of funding and specialized organization. The female participants will be accommodated in the ladies hostels while the male and coaches participants will be accommodated in male hostels and guest rooms respectively. The main disciple of the events in clued both outdoor and indoor sports for both male and female participants. Indoor sports include; table tennis, chess, karate, taekwondo, badminton while outdoor includes; hockey, football, tennis, basketball, handball, swimming and netball. This plan aims at providing the guidelines of the activities will be performed and associated costs. 2. INTRODUCTION Sports have always had a vital role through the performance of teams, sporting clubs and major athletes that improve the name of the University (Great Britain: Department for Culture, 2007). By increasing the number of staff, students and alumni that participates in the range of sports, recreation and fitness activities has encouraged a balanced lifestyle and hence healthy community. Involvement and participation in sports events and clubs also enhances lifelong connections that hearten the alumni to offers support to the University and ensure that sports remain a core figure in this university. The university’s Sports Strategic Plan has been p repared by the Staff of the University’s sports department with the vision of molding a leading sports centre in the country. (Great Britain: Department for Culture, 2007) This includes provision of participation and qualities services not forgetting more of the participation in the national events. The strategic plan is in accordance to the University’

How do employees survive in the current economy Essay

How do employees survive in the current economy - Essay Example Basically when a person is employed, one may ask himself, â€Å"whether or not he is qualified for wages and benefits that support a quality standard of living?† The answer depends on his salary. â€Å"Is his salary enough to send his children to school?† Or â€Å"is his salary enough to afford the hospital bills in case his children meet an accident, disease, or any kind of sickness or disability which requires hospitalization or confinement to the hospital?† If the answer is in the affirmative then we can safely say that a person is qualified for wages that support a quality standard of living. In case, of benefits, the employer must provide his employees the benefits required by the labor code. Non-observance of which means the diminution of employees’ benefits which the latter may take legal action to enforce their statutory rights. Anything short of the above-mentioned circumstances may well mean that a person is receiving a salary/wage which is not e nough to make his family live in comfort and quality standard of living. As mentioned earlier, the only resort of such employee is to have another job, so that he can have two - paid checks every pay day. In this way he can cope up with the dreaded challenges to which an employee and his family encounter each and every day of their lives.day of their lives. As to workingmen's security of tenure is concerned, we are all aware that downsizing, done in good faith, due to serious business reverses, or redundancy, is the scheme used or resorted to by the employer to minimize his expenses so that he can

ICS 120 - Anything from the Moors to Pancho Villa Term Paper

ICS 120 - Anything from the Moors to Pancho Villa - Term Paper Example However, the Vandals and Byzantine rulers failed to penetrate the interior that still under the Moorish control. The Berbers were also able to resist domination by the warring Arab armies that kept attacking them from the East. However, this resistance did not last long as the Moors became Islamised by 700 CE (Nicolle 22). The Islamic Moors were able to defeat and take control of much of Iberia by 711 CE. They named peninsula area the Al Indulus. They tried to move northeast towards and across the Pyrenees Mountains but they were revolted by Frank Charles and his army in 732 CE at the Battle of Poitiers. The Moors were ruled over Iberia for several years, converting several of the original inhabitants into Islam (Sertima 65). A small Christain Iberian Kingdom known as the Austrias started the reconquista, or Inquisition, in the 8th century. Slowly they were able to spread their control over the north and western parts of Iberia. By the 13th century, a group of Christian leaders were able to drive out the Islamic Moors from the central part of the peninsula. Although most of the Iberian area fell under foreign control, the Moor’s Kingdom of Granada in the south thrived for three hundred more years. During the late half of the 15th century, a mass exodus from the peninsula was caused by forced conversion into Catholicism. This led to the decline of the powerful Al-Indulus into small fiefdoms which were known as taifas. These fiefdoms were consolidated in part under the Cordoba Caliphate (Nicolle 55). During the wars of Inquisition, many of the Moors chose to remain in Spain and were converted to Christianity. They were heavily persecuted by King Phillip and his armies if and when they were thought to be practising Islam in secret. They revolted in 1568 and this led to more persecutions. Eventually, they were expelled from Spain. Although

The Restoration of Michelangelos Sistine Chapel Essay

The Restoration of Michelangelos Sistine Chapel - Essay Example Although there had been numerous problems in determining just how to decorate the ceiling of this structure as well as problems in stabilizing this same ceiling, the primary question for many was in whether or not to trust Michelangelo, a sculptor, with something at once so important and so degrading. For while Michelangelo is widely celebrated today for his work on the chapel, ceiling work such as what he was requested to perform was typically the work of lesser artists. Once the details had been ironed out and egos soothed, Michelangelo went to work demonstrating his artistic genius. Original descriptions of the chapel indicated that the paintings were alive with brilliant color, stunning imagery and mastery of technique, but visitors to the chapel in the centuries since have felt the images must have lost some of this vigor. As the previous century discovered, this has indeed been the case as almost 500 years of soot, smoke and pollution have accumulated over the faces of the imag es while the underlying structure has been assaulted by the ravages of decay and erosion. While some hailed this move as a much-needed preservation effort, others argued any attempts at restoration would necessarily destroy the artistry and originality of its creator. The purpose of this document is to explore some of the controversy surrounding the Sistine Chapel, beginning with the problems of its original creation and then jumping forward to the issues involved in attempting to restore such an irreplaceable international treasure, finishing with an analysis of the outcome of the restoration efforts.

Research paper feelings repression through sex and other addictions

Feelings repression through sex and other addictions based on the love in the time of cholera. character analysis - Research Paper Example This particular work of Marquez has been declared an eccentric love story where the lovers unite at the end of novel around 51 years and 9 months later when they are in the last stage of their life. Florentino Ariza, the main character, has been portrayed as an obsessive lover who vows to stay faithful to Fermina Daza but indulges into a spree of sexual encounters with hundreds of women. This paper aims at proving that Florentino’s countless affairs were an escape route and his method of suppressing the repressed feelings and void that he felt after being rejected by Fermina. Love in the Time of Cholera’s story revolves around the couple Florentino Ariza and Fermina Daza who fall in love during their early teens but eventually get separated because Fermina choses to marry a more suitable match Dr. Juvenal Urbino (Pelayo 135). The backdrop of the setting and location has been kept a mystery in the novel and the only aspect that is revealed is that the country is plagued by Cholera. In this way, the author has compared love to a disease that like any other illness can have a drastic impact on an individual if the feelings are not welcomed and respected. Florentino Ariza can be easily categorized as a hypocrite and a liar since he vows for â€Å"eternal fidelity and everlasting love† to Fermina despite his countless affairs but actually he is a heart-broken man who sought to mend his heart through love (Marquez 50). Sex, in this novel, is not used in its erotic concept but symbolizes a medicine which Florentino used to overcome his pain that Fermina’s rejection and eventual marriage caused to him. It is the struggle to eliminate the feelings of void, loneliness, loss and pain that overcome the otherwise faithful and devoted personality of Florentino (Fahy 23). The treatment of love as a disease becomes clear when Florentino falls in love with Fermina and the symptoms of both the disease and love match. â€Å"His examination revealed th at he had no fever, no pain anywhere, and that his only concrete feeling was an urgent desire to die† and these were declared as† so much as the devastation of cholera† (Marquez 62). Here the term devastation is important to acknowledge since at another point later in the novel, Florentino states that he and Fermina fell into â€Å"devastating love† (Marquez 68). This shows the author’s intention of presenting love as a form of plague or disease which if not treated timely can produce unfavorable results or compel a person to behave in a drastic manner. When Marquez compares love with cholera, he attempted to present sex and addiction to love as a cure or healing mechanism for Florentino due to which he was able to survive (Koenig 131). Getting involved with other women was his way of taking refuge from the otherwise painful scenario where his love Fermina was enjoying a blissful married life with her husband while he had to suffer in solitude. The no vel Love in the Time of Cholera is set in an era when cholera was actually a â€Å"devastating disease that had no regard for color and background† (Panisset 125). Therefore, the similarity shared by love and a disease like cholera is explicitly narrated by Marquez. Just like Urbino was trying to find the cure for cholera in the same way Florentino’s obsession towards women shows his search for the cure of his heartache. Florentino is a character who is deeply in love with Ferm

Current Issue Assignment - Article Summary and Analysis Essay

Current Issue Assignment - Article Summary and Analysis - Essay Example ility for the company’s financial misstatements,† according to a news article published in Business Week on 30 October 2006, â€Å"Taro Pharma CFO Resigns after Report,† and submitted through The Associated Press (Hawthorne, NY). Taro has hired a law firm to probe the details of the case gathered by its own audit committee. Furthermore, the company has reported that â€Å"a member of the company’s senior financial management caused Taro to make misleading statements† to the SEC and the company’s auditor, Ernst & Young. The CFO of Taro and the unidentified financial management officer â€Å"vigorously disagreed† with the report before they both resigned. At present, the company has an interim chief administrative and restructuring officer, whose main job is to help Taro reduce its costs and restructure debt. The company is looking to obtain bank waivers as it cannot be compliant with some of its creditors because of the late filing of the annual report. For a company to ensure that it is legally safe and financially sound in the short as well as the long run, it is crucial to have financial statements that are both accurate and foolproof (Spiro 1996). Any financial management officer may blunder with numbers, either deliberately or not so. Inaccurate financial statements may wreck the budgeting process, cause significant damage to a company’s reputation, and make it rather difficult for it to obtain loans in future. True financial statements are the lifeblood of an organization. A company is connected with the public at large through its products and services, and also its shareholders, suppliers, and the families of its employees, besides its lenders (Spiro). A financial misstatement – depending on the discrepancy between a correct financial statement and a financial misstatement – may hurt all the members of society it interacts with, no matter who is responsible for the error. Finally, it is vital for all financial managers to team up with

Communication in Health and Social Care Essay Example for Free

Communication in Health and Social Care Essay 1. 1 Apply relevant theories of communication to health and social care contextsAccording to George Gerbner,he describes the three main branches of communication studies as; 1. †semiotics† The study of signs and symbols and how they combine to convey meaning in different social contexts,This branch is mainly concerned with how verbal,non verbal and aural signs and symbols combine to create messages. 2. Media effects the study of behaviour and interaction through exposure to messages,It emphasizes measuring,explaining and predicting communication effects on knowledge,perceptions,beliefs,attitudes and public opinion,It is strongly influenced by scientific methods from the fields of psychology and social psychology. 3. Message production is the study of the large-scale organization through social institutions and system,example; mass media,political organisation,government and advocacy groups. Their history, regulations,policy making impact,It is strongly influenced by scientific methods from the fields of sociology but also by the methods of political science and public affair. According to Abraham Maslows humanistic theory of learning,learning contributes to psychological health. The goals of learning includes discovery of ones vocation or destiny;knowledge of values;realization of life as precious;acquisition of peak experiences; senses of accomplishment;satisfaction of psychological needs;awareness of beauty and wonder of life;impulse control;developing choice and grappling with critical existential problems of life. Applying Abraham Maslows Hierarchy of needs in The Care Home Setting,service users needs should be met like; Freedom of abuse and neglect from the care workers and ensuring them adequate food and shelter;Free from any kind of discrimination,risks and danger to be able to feel safe;Ability to trust their care workers and receive effective communication;Respect for their rights,dignity,privacy and diversity;Helping them take control of their own lives in order to develop their full potential and reach their goal. According to John B. Watson, Behaviours can be measured,trained and changed. It also acquired through conditioning which occurs through interaction with the environment. All of our sensory work, memory work,attention,etc,are part of definite modes of behaviour. In a Care Home Setting, it explains why we need to separate service users with an agitative behaviour from a noisy environment where other service users are happily participating in a physical activities,to prevent his/her agitation to aggression which can be potentially harm to the other individuals,care workers needs to take the service user to a quiet place to settle down. Sometimes moody behaviours are the service users way to communicate what they feel so its very important on the part on the care workers to be very observant on service users mood change and act accordingly According to Sigmund Freuds outline of psychoanalysis(1940),He compared the human mind to an iceberg in order to describe the structure of personality. The small portion of the iceberg that lies above the water represents the conscious mind,or all the thoughts,feelings,and desires that you are fully aware of. This is the aspect of our mental processing than we can think and talk about rationally. A part of this includes our memory,which is not always part of consciousness but can be retrieved easily at any time and can be brought into awareness which is called preconscious. The massive below the surface represents our unconscious mind,The reservoir of feelings,thoughts,urges and memories that outside of our conscious awareness. Most of the contents of the unconscious are unacceptable or unpleasant,such as feelings of pain,anxiety or conflict. According to Freud, the consciousness continues to influence behaviour and experience,even though we are unaware of these underlying influences. In relation to this theory at The Care Home setting,Care workers deal with different Service user with different behaviours, medical problems,communication problems,cultures and needs. It is very important to identify the individuals communication capabilities and incapabilities to be able to help them empower their weaknesses and difficulties,in that way, care workers will be able to get cooperation from the service users and establish rapport on doing their everyday task and to meet their needs and maintain their well being. According to Ulric Neisser cognition is all processes by which the sensory input is transferred ,reduced,elaborated, stores,recovered and used. In short,it means it is the branch of psychology that studies mental processes including how people think,perceive,remember and learn. It is involved in everything a human being might possibly do;that every psychological phenomenon is cognitive phenomenon. An example of this theory at the Care Home Setting where service users are suffering of dementia,Care workers needs to encourage service users to participate on ctivities such as brain and physical exercises,social gatherings and have a good diet,to stimulate their brain cells and regained its brain power. 1. 2 Undertake and evaluate at least one communication activity in Health and Social Care Organization,considering Confidentiality and Data Protection Act 1998. Communication in a Health Care Organization is very important. It is the key for the health care providers and other health agencies to carry out their responsibilities to maintain the well being of the service users. An example of this is when making a care plan for the service users,all individuals that are involve in continuing health care of the service user must contribute on making the care plan by communicating their observations, assessments and suggestions on the service users daily activities ,risks and wellness. The service user should contribute as well on making their care plan by telling their preferences,choices, wishes and needs. Otherwise, the care workers will have no idea what kind of care the service users wanted to receive. If the service user cant speak for themselves,there must be a representative to speak for their behalf,either a social care worker,solicitor or a member of their family. When the care plan has been made,it should be kept in a secure and protected filing cabinet which only authorize person can have access on the document for data protection and to maintain confidentiality on the informations written in the care plan to protect all personal informations gathered.  If the service user needs to be transferred to a new health care services,the care plan should be presented for their reference. 1. 3 Describe and explore barriers to communication with health and social care Organisations In a Care Home for vulnerable adults,the most common communication barriers that a care workers encounter are the following; difficulty of hearing,impaired eyesight,learning difficulties,memory loss,foreign language,cultural differences,stroke,emotional problems,sensory loss and others. Problem arises between care workers and service users when doing personal care tasks if these barriers mentioned are present, the task may not be completed well because of misunderstanding which resulting in cooperation from the service user. Therefore,it will never be easy for the care worker to perform the task well without the full cooperation of the service user. Often times service users disagree with some procedures if your explanation is not enough for them to understand it,or if they are not comfortable with it. To solve the problem, care workers should encourage the service user s to have an input with the care they want to receive. They might know a better way to do the task in their most comfortable and convenient way. If the service user have difficulty of communicating because of the barriers mentioned,ask them what kind of communication method they prefer and wish to use,thus giving them a choice. Explain the various methods of communication available and what would be suitable for them. Seek further advice from the specialists in the wider health care team. Care givers also consult to the clients care plan as this should contain all necessary information. Care givers need to listen attentively and take notice of what the service users are communicating and not assume what they want. 1. 4 Understand how to transmit values and the need to transmit values when communicating within health and social care Organizations Respecting the rights of the service users at the care home should be highly observe. When the preferred method of communication of a service user has been identified,which is obviously the ones that they can communicate most effectively,care workers must respect to use it or learn to use it because if they dont,then they are of risk of not communicating effectively,distressing the service user and breaching their rights. A service user who has suffered of stroke may have communication problem such as, they can understand the care workers completely but have difficulty with speech and its likely to become very frustrated if they cannot express themselves using their preferred method of communication. Problems arises when the care worker will just assume what the service user is saying rather than giving them more time to talk or attempting to encourage them to communicate their choices,wishes,preference and needs. If this happens the service user may end up for example;served with a meal they never want, wear clothes they never picked out and go to bed when they dont wish to,these situations shows that the rights of the service users has been taken away from them.

Case Study Gamestop Digital Firm Essay Example for Free

Case Study Gamestop Digital Firm Essay 1.  «GameStop » Digital Firm – Overview In my research I would like to point out gaming industry as a very profitable e-commerce sphere and as an example present a company named  «GameStop ».  «GameStop » was originally founded in 1984 in United States of America, as a small software retailer in Texas region. In 2009,  «GameStop » took a major step by initiating a digital growth strategy that incorporated a Nov. acquisition of Jolt Online Gaming, an Ireland-based publisher of free-to-play titles. In 2011, the company again carried out on its digital expansion strategy, obtaining streaming technology company â€Å"Spawn Labs† and digital sharing service â€Å"Impulse†. At the moment the company operates around 6,700 retail shops around the world and is commited to distribute great video games to customers, despite of how and where they play.  «GameStop » is ranked as one of the worlds largest multichannel game retailer. This organization offers consumers the most up to date hardware, game accessories for next generation video game systems and the PC. In addition, their buy, sell, trade politics creates value for customers while recycling products no longer being played. The motivation on why and to which extent the chosen firm is considered to be digitally operated is due to the fact, that  «GameStop » reported $290 million in sales from its â€Å"digital offerings,† which it said was up 61% year-over-year. That total, which includes sales of subscription cards for online video game services like Xbox Live, as well as PC downloads, still pales in contrast to the company’s general sales, which were around $9.47 billion. 2. Data stored in  «GameStop » database. CRUD model. Data that is stored in  «GameStop »s database contains following information: * Partners and contracts –gaming industry companies that sell their products throught the website * Projects – game concepts, ideas and future development. * Financial records – transactions between customers, partners etc. * Employee records – human resource information. * User/Buyer records – recordings of customers information, their transactions and searchings throughout the website. * Branch records – data about shops and servers that are located in other countries. The part that could be used to power a database enabled website of â€Å"GameStop† may contain following data: financial records, projects, partners and contracts, because through these data company is gaining most of its profit and opportunities for future development. Financial records, contracts and employee records are better to stay internal as they refer more to confidentiallity and most probably it is not needed to be shown on the website. On the Table 1, main users that have certain rights in â€Å"GameStop† are shown. It is necessary to point out the top management, it has all rights that could be engaged in the company’s database, in comparison with guest users, who has the right to read only. Employees have the right to create, read, update. IT technologists are provided with the same rights and gamers who a registered in the website are able to read and update information on the website of â€Å"GameStop†. 3. Two possible computer crimes affecting  «GameStop » digital company. Protection strategies. Two computer crimes could be identified affecting  «GameStop » company. The first and the most dangerous crime that could be pointed out is theft of identity. The second computer crime is Theft of Data. I would like to put emphasis on the fist computer crime – theft of identity. This crime could cause following security threats for the company, which is intrusion by hackers, phishing, spyware and social engineering. Hackers could intrude into the computer network of  «GameStop » and harm the content provided by the web site. Phishing is another threat that can occur; users might receive fake emails that seam to come from the company and try to capture private information about a specific account. Information about users might be secretly gathered while they are surfing the website, that would be a type of malware – spyware. Although the spyware does not specially suppose to to be dangerous for user, because cookies are used to remember infromation automatically by a brwoser and make it easier for customer to login into the website. Social engineering is a possible threat that is represented as shoulder surfing in this case. Someone can stand behind a user and secretly look at the password that he/she is typing. In order to protect its database,  «GameStop » various kinds of strategies and software: * Passwords – a strong 8 characters password that contains not only symbols, but also numbers and head letters. It is also necessary to change it once a month. * Firewall – a standard protection that combines hardware and software, that acts as a filter between private network and external computers. * Antivirus/Antispyware – a software that checks computers for presence of malware and viruses and often elimates it. * VPN – virtual private networks provide a secure channel through the Internet for transmitting messages and data using a private network. * Data Encryption – secure socket layer (SSL) manages secure transmission of transactins through the Internet. * Awareness – employees and users have to be aware of all possible dangers that can occur when using the database. Trainings for employees and warnings for users have to be in place. 4. Sources http://paidcontent.org/2011/02/01/the-most-successful-digital-companies/13/ http://www.gamestop.com/

Media Representations Of Mental Illness Sociology Essay

Media Representations Of Mental Illness Sociology Essay Mass Media plays an important role in the way society perceive mental illness and the people suffering from it. This essay will examine how mass media in the United Kingdom reports and portrays mental illness and how this representation negatively and positively affects societys perceptions of people suffering with mental illness. There are various definitions of mental illness. Judge Lawton (1974 ) describes mental illness as a word without proper definition linked to legal significance. Rogers and Pilgrim (2005) outlined that there is no proper definition brought by the legal framework of psychiatry. This frame emphasise mental disorder as linked to various criminal acts. The meaning of mental illness has become a controversial debate, with some sociologists arguing that it is about illness rather than being social deviance. In British law the notion of mental illness has come from the notion of mental disorders. The British Law does not give a clear definition regarding mental illness. It defines mental illness as a mental disorder as† an impairment of or disturbance in the functioning of the mind or brain resulting from any disability or disorder of the mind or brain† (Department of Health, 2004, p3, 5 cited in Rogers and Pilgrim2005, p8). Baker and Menken, (2001) cited in Rogers and Pilgrim (2 005) argue that reject the notion of regarding brain disorders as being a mental illness as misleading people to acquire knowledge about some brain disorders which are not physical ailment. Mass media refers to a range of media which convey information to the general population including radio, television, newspapers and all forms of publications in global age. Giddens (2006) distinguishes variety forms of mass media such as the press, cinema. In the report by Harris (2004), Anderson (2003), a British sociologist, claims that there has been an increase in mass media interest on issues relating to community care for the past decade and that there has been a growth of mass media interest on the institutionalisation of people with mental illness. He argues that newspapers have a great influence when reporting violent incidents of people with mental illness. Philo et al (1994) emphasizes that media has an impact on the public view of mental illness as people beliefs are based on their past experiences and judgements. Mass media has significant role to play in the stigmatisation of people with mental illness. Theoretically, the current mass media give a very bad image to people with mental illness by labelling them as being dangerous, violent and criminals. Cutcliffe and Hannigan (2001, p315) argues that the inappropriate representation of mental illness in mass media increases stigma, harassment and victimisation of individuals by the public. This has led to some theorists like Goffman, (1961) cited in Busfied (2001. p10) to define mental illness as â€Å"process of rejection, stigmatisation and social exclusion. Mass media may provoke strong passions which lead to a number of homicide over last forty years (Clutcliffe and Hannigan ( 2001). They also argue that government policy such as legislation concerning care has no clear provision of the care of people with mental illness in the society. As a result people with mental illness remain institutionalised. According to Anderson (2003, p298) sur vey shows that there is high incidents of homicides involving a person suffering of mental illness. He claims that mass media is the most powerful form in portraying those incidents. The newspaper report in 1994 of Stephen Laudat‘s case who was suffering from schizophrenia is one of the example how media portrays people with mental health. The media identifies him as â€Å"killer who should not have gone to jail†( Anderson, 2003, p298). Anderson claims that newspapers have great influence to the wider society when reporting violent incidents of people with mental illness. Some of the studies and researches carried by some psychiatrics draw the idea that people are strongly influenced by the language the mass media use in reporting incidents of people with mental illness. Apple and Wessley(1988) cited in Cutcliffe and Hannigan (2001) suggest that situations as real have a linkage to the style the information is represented and they become real in their consequences. Mass media represent negative effects of mental illness to the wider society, mainly dominated by episodes of violence (Giddens 2006). Violence can be defined as â€Å"a threat or use of force directed against the self or others in which physical harm or death is involved†. Harns (2004, p19). He argues that there are imbalances of press coverage of mental health issues reinforcing stigma and disempowering the quality of life to the sufferers. MIND , one of the leading organisation of people with mental disorders in the UK also argues that press coverage such as in the Sun newspaper convey strong messages to the public and give biased information which gives people negative view of people with mental health problems. According to a 1993 survey carried by Scottish Mental Health Working group it has been found that within five categories of mass media,† violence to others was 62%, harm to self 13%, sympathetic to others 18%, criticism of accepted definition of mental illness (1%) and comic images 2%† (Cutcliff and Hannigan2001 p316). It can be noted that in the above survey, violence coverage came up with the highest percentage which significantly means that peoples beliefs are based on what the media convey to them. However, Mackeown and Clancy (1995) cited in Anderson (2003)) emphasize that media have different degree of intensity on people who once have mental illness. Media may provoke strong passions and lead to violence. On the other hand it maybe relative minor information conveyed by media and have only limited relevance to every day life. In addition, Signorielli (1989 and Wahl 1992 cited in Cutcliffe and Hannigan 2001) claims that media labelling people with mental illness as dangerous and violence gives a bad reputation to mentally ill people and reinforces the public view of fear and anxiety ( Busfied 2001). The media interpretation of people with mental illness has a strong impact on the general public because of negative reports contribute to different attitudes towards the mental ill ( Anderson 2003). Bhugra (1989) believes that mental illness is linked to negative attitudes such a cruel treatment of mentally ill people. Negative attitude which the media portrays encourage pessimis tic attitudes to the public. Repper (1997cited in Busfied 2001) outlined three things which some of the public are ignorant in understanding mental illness. For instance, people do not have strong background knowledge of the diagnoses, ignorant of the types of behaviours and emotional attitudes which are acceptable towards people with mental illness. Mass media therefore plays a pivotal role in filling this gap of ignorance and people tend to learn mental health illnesses from reports from the media therefore making them vulnerable to negative reports which emanate from the media. According to Giddens (2006) there is now a wide variety of mass media in the United Kingdom but newspapers have become one of the biggest forms of media. In fact, newspapers have become a subsequent link between criminality, violence and mental ill health (Ward, 1997 cited in Andrew, 2007). Focusing on the newspapers which are dominating cultural interactive in the United Kingdom in this modern time, research reports it have proved that news reporting in newspapers has strong predominates coverage about mental illness (Busfied, 2001). Essentially, newspapers do not focus on the clear meaning of the undifferentiated terms, such as lunatic ,psycho, schizo, mental patient, mental ill, all these meanings become different when general public interpret them ( Harris, 2004). Most newspapers report incidents of people with mental illness using terms such as dangerous and violent. Harris (2004) describes the reports in newspapers as a classical institutional trait which has common norms, rule s, beliefs, and knowledge and that they all share behavioural patterns on the concept of dangerousness. According to various sociologists the notion of dangerousness is used to characterise situations. This notion of newspapers constructing meanings represent negative attitudes to mental ill people. Busfied (2001, p135) refer dangerous† as harm to self or others†. This dangerousness reveals to the public that mental ill people should stay away from the society. To the society point of view this particularly brings a close link between badness and illness. Newspapers interpret deviant behaviour, which is a behaviour that people so label. According to (Haralambos and Holborn) 1991, labelling is an â€Å"act of naming, the development of language to confer and fix the meaning of behaviour and symbolic internationalism and the phenomenology†. Moreover, according to Fulcher and Scott (2007), labelling theory claims that deviance and conforming result not much from what people do but from how others respond to those actions, it highlight social responses to mass media and deviance. Murder is one way that individual is labelled in a negative rather in a positive way (Anderson, 2003). Apple and Wesley (1988 cited in Anderson, 2003) cited the Hungerford massacre which outlined the story of Michael Ryan who committed a horrific homicide but there was no diagnosis of mental illness. Therefore sometimes people have wrong interpretations of horrific incidents and assumptions that violent incidents are only done by people with mental illness and their beliefs are constructed by the language used by newspapers. This leads to stigmatisation of people with mental illness and this is a negative social label which changes a persons self concept and social identity. According to Scheff (1984) stigmatising people often leads to retrospective labelling which he describes as the interpretation of someones past consistent with the present deviance. Retrospective labelling distorts a persons biography in prejudicial way guided by stigma than attempt to be fair. In order to reduce and tackle this stigmatising the Department of Health (1999b) initiated current mental healthcare policy which works towards promoting health to people with mental illness. (Anderson, 2003). Signorielli (1989) pointed out that films are another form of mass media which is culturally dominated in portraying the public life. Many films give a negative view of people with mental illness, for example films such as the Hollywood broadcast some vivid images which reveal negative effects to the public( Hyler,1988). In addition, films such as â€Å"psycho, (1960), One Flew over the Cuckoos Nest (1975) remained the greatest example in presenting madness (Hyler et al, 1991). The main issue in all these films is mainly based on the experience of mental ill people. Byrne (2000 cited in Anderson, 2003) mentioned some films such as â€Å"Shine (1989), Voices (2000) outlined that the synopsis of these films have great consequences to the lives of people with mental illness. For example the film Jack Nicolsons R.P MacMurghy (1970) refused to admission to mental institution as he was not having any problems related to mental illness but later lived in a mental institution. This shows h ow societys viewpoint can impact on each individuals view. The contemporary films draw people to fear resulting in a change of behaviour towards people with mental illness. Watching films like â€Å"Halloween (1978)and Psycho(1960) have horrific themes† which arouse peoples anxiety and create fear of people with mental illness because violent actions influence the way people see things (Anderson 2003,p229). Cutcliffe and Hannigan (2001) argue that films stereotype people with mental illness which in turn contribute to the stigmatisation of people with mental illness. This is supported by Hyler,et al.(1991) who points out that film stereotypes and illness linked to violence and psychiatry and mental illness still dominates synopsis in films. Films present wrong interpretation to the public about mental illness by showing images of violence and dangerous people. Philo, et al (1994) also says that the images of mental health people which the film broadcast and the emotional language seem to have a lot of stereotypes. Therefore, films publications help to give mental illness its shape. Although there are various forms of media, television is the main worldwide source form of media which produces information mostly in images across different countries, especially in economically developed countries (Cutcliff and Hannigan (2001). Television also broadcast images, dramas, cartoons and international news, presenting clearly mental illness in the context of violence and harm to others. (Anderson, 2003). According to the survey carried out by Glasgow Media Group in Scotland, 1993, it has been found that television is a typical form of mass media which primarily focus most of its programmes on people with mental illness. Furthermore, it has judgemental attitudes which have negative impact towards people with mental health problems and the wider society. In a nutshell, television has great consequences to mentally ill people and draws attention of the wider society to exclude them in social life. From the above analysis, it is evident that mass media is enormously influential in directing attention towards the relative and somewhat arbitrary nature of dominant definition of mental illness in Britain. There is uniformity in the way mass media represent people with mental illness. Different forms of media have great impact to the public by the way they convey their message to the public. Mass media is therefore misleading people by relating mental illness to violence and dangerousness.

Horatio †Unsullied Character in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay -- GCSE En

Horatio – Unsullied Character in Hamlet      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Perhaps even more innocent than Ophelia in Shakespere’s Hamlet is Horatio. This essay will treat his character in depth, including many literary critical evaluations.    Who is the play’s historian? None other than Horatio. In the first scene Horatio gives a detailed history of what has gone before regarding King Hamlet:    Our last king,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Whose image even but now appear'd to us,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Was, as you know, by Fortinbras of Norway,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Thereto prick'd on by a most emulate pride,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dared to the combat; in which our valiant Hamlet--   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For so this side of our known world esteem'd him--   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Did slay this Fortinbras; who by a seal'd compact,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Well ratified by law and heraldry,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Did forfeit, with his life, all those his lands   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Which he stood seized of, to the conqueror:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Against the which, a moiety competent   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Was gaged by our king; which had return'd   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   To the inheritance of Fortinbras,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Had he been vanquisher; as, by the same covenant,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And carriage of the article design'd,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   His fell to Hamlet. Now, sir, young Fortinbras,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Of unimproved mettle hot and full,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Hath in the skirts of Norway here and there   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Shark'd up a list of lawless resolutes,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   For food and diet, to some enterprise   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   That hath a stomach in't; which is no other--   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As it doth well appear unto our state--   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But to recover of us, by strong hand   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And terms compulsatory, those foresaid lands   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   So by his father lost: and this, I take it,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Is the main motive of our preparations,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The source of this our watch and the chief head .. ... Press, 1992.    Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 1995. http://www.chemicool.com/Shakespeare/hamlet/full.html    West, Rebecca. â€Å"A Court and World Infected by the Disease of Corruption.† Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from The Court and the Castle. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1957.    Wilkie, Brian and James Hurt. â€Å"Shakespeare.† Literature of the Western World. Ed. Brian Wilkie and James Hurt. New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., 1992.    Wright, Louis B. and Virginia A. LaMar. â€Å"Hamlet: A Man Who Thinks Before He Acts.† Readings on Hamlet. Ed. Don Nardo. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1999. Rpt. from The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. Ed. Louis B. Wright and Virginia A. LaMar. N. p.: Pocket Books, 1958.      

Myth and Romance in Star Wars :: Star Wars Film Movie Movies Essays

Myth and Romance in Star Wars Pure science fiction is rarely written. Science fiction is often blended with elements of other genres from horror to fairy tales. The movie Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope is one example of this. It contains a combination of science fiction with mythical and romantic elements. Contributing to this combination are the main characters Luke, Leia, Han, and Obi-wan, the movie’s setting in a galaxy far, far away, and Luke’s great quest. Luke Skywalker is a mythical character. Luke is orphaned as a child and is taken in by his aunt and uncle. He is hidden away from his father and his father’s cohorts to protect him from the dark side. Luke is only one of many mythical heroes that are reared by someone other than his own parents. Oedipus, a Greek mythological hero, was hidden in another kingdom and raised by the king and queen there to protect him from his parents. Luke is portrayed as a savior that will bring balance to the Force and will help the Rebellion beat the evil Galactic Empire. He is completely pure and sinless because he is so naà ¯ve about the ways of the galaxy. Luke strives to save the souls of those around him.[1] For example, his friend Han Solo is a greedy man that looks out only for himself. Only by offering a reward does Luke convince Han to do the right thing and help him save Princess Leia. At the end of the movie, however, Luke causes Han to experience a change of heart. Han willingly puts his life on the line to protect Luke and destroy the Death Star, without looking for some reward. This is similar to the stories told in Scripture about Jesus. He attempted to teach the others around him to lead a good life in service to others. Myths generally involve some religious aspect. Myths always tell the story of some god or goddess that walks among the mortals to teach them a lesson, as Jesus and Luke do. Resembling other mythical heroes, Luke is gifted with divine powers. Luke is able to use these powers, called the Force, to influence the actions and thoughts of others and to manipulate his surroundings. This makes him better than the average man because he can use these powers to his advantage against any enemy. These powers make him impossible to beat unless one also has the same powers.

Nuclear Family

Yesterday, 22:02Â  in:Â  Essay samples The question is to outline and critically evaluate the functionalist view that the typical family unit is nuclear. The other part of the question is to critically evaluate the work of Willmott and Young that suggests that the family is becoming increasingly symmetrical. In defining the symmetrical family according to Willmott and Young, males and females are becoming equal within the family. Willmott and Young also stated that there are three stages in becoming a symmetrical family.The first stage is the pre-industrial family, which is a unit of production consisting of a husband, wife and unmarried children. The family worked for themselves on the land as a unit of production. This is still represented in a small minority of families today. The family started to decline in the nineteenth –century due to the industrial revolution which gave rise to the emergence of the factory system. (Haralambos and Holborn, 2002). The stage two famili es began with early industrialization.Factory production replaced the domestic system and such families ceased to be a unit of production and focused more on the individuals employed as wage earners. During the nineteenth century there was high unemployment and widespread poverty amongst the working class. Stage three families began in the early 1970’s. This is a new emerging family called the symmetrical family. It is egalitarian and democratic. The conjugal bond between husband and wife is strong and they share their work and time around the home. The nuclear family has become a large self-containing and self-reliant unit.Wives still have the main responsibility of raising the children with a little help from their husbands. Women started a network of support in order to help each other and their children during hard times. This extension of network was done to cope with poverty by creating an insurance policy and support. The bond between married daughter and mother became closer and the conjugal bond between husband and wife became weaker. A survey carried out by Willmott and Young in the 1950’s showed that stage two families still exists in Bethnal Green.There is still a strong bond between mothers and daughters. (Haralambos and Holborn, 2000) Historically the symmetrical family brought changes to the structure of the family. However, there are feminist theories on the family for example, radical feminists believe that that the family is a unit of oppression. Radical feminists see the home as a place where women were exploited by the capitalists and their husbands. Men were the head of the family and household. The men had political and economic powers allowing them to make decisions in the home. As a result the women would be dependent on the men.In order to understand the family, feminism has probably had more influence on the study of the family than any other approaches in society. Feminists have highlighted the dangerous effects on wome n within the family. Also the dominance of men within the family was highlighted. They also question whether the family life is becoming egalitarian. In addition, feminists view the family as an institution, which has greater benefits for men compared to those for women (Haralambos, 2000). In regards to the Marxist feminist perspective, Marxists such as Engel and Zaretsky recognised that women are treated unfairly in the home.However their focus is on the relationship between Capitalism and the family. Margaret Benston states that women are the emotional support for her husband. This support provides him with comfort, which enables him to continue to go out to perform well in his job. In terms this is good for the Capitalist employee working well in order to perform his role as a wage labourer (handout feminist perspectives on the family). According to Bryson (1997), radical feminists view the oppression of women as the most fundamental and universal from of control.In this view, th is is a patriarchal society rather than a Capitalist society in which women have different interests than men. Men are not seen as the source of male domination, although the feminists do see the family as important in keeping male power. Women are seen as exploited because of the housework and child care duties that she has to carry out unpaid. Men are seen as the ruling class and females as the subject in which patriarchal power control women’s sexual activity. Willmott (1970) argues that the way society is organised enabled men to dominate women.In the extreme from this can take the form of violence. As Dobash and Dobash (1980) indicates this violence from men is a real threat to many women and children. Liberal feminists views ague that women wanted equal rights. However they point on that changes in the political, economic and social system of western societies will be a gradual process. Liberal feminists see inequalities as affecting both males and females. They see wom en with potential in the workplace as not having the opportunity to progress. Liberal feminists are a strong advocate of equal opportunities for males and females.According to Haralambos and Holborn (2000) liberal feminists supported such measures as the Sex Discrimination Act (1975) and the Equality Act (1970) with the intention that these laws would help end discrimination. Critically evaluate the functionalist view that the nuclear family is both universal and typical. According to Murdock a functionalist who’s claimed that some kind of family existed in every society and was universal. His definition of the family states that ‘the family is a social group characterised by common residence, economic co-operation and reproduction.It includes adults of both sexes, at least two of whom maintain a socially approved sexual relationship and one or more children own or adopted of the sexually co-habiting adults’ (Haralambos, 2000) His idea of the universality of the family seems to focus on one type of family. However, the kind of family form that Murdock based his findings on when he did his research in 250 societies he found only nuclear families. This led him to the conclusion that the nuclear family was a universal social group. However, Murdock views of the family is somewhat flawed due to the different type of families that exist in today’s society.Murdock and Parsons have the view that women should be a t the home looking after and nurturing the children, while men should go out to work and are bread winners of the family. Murdock states that the nuclear family is universal and is based on three key functions for a family to survive in society. These are, it stabilizes sexual and reproductive functions. It also provides basic economic requirements such as food and shelter. Moreover it provides the function of socialization of the next generation into the norms, values and other aspects of culture in that society.Murdock argues tha t without these functions the nuclear family would not survive (Kirby, 1997) However the functionalist view that the nuclear family is both universal and typical can be contradictory. Murdock studied families in 250 societies and found that some kind of family existed in every society and was therefore universal. The types of family structure that Murdock found in all 250 families was the nuclear family which lead him to conclude that the nuclear family is a universal social grouping, (Handout the family) Parsons agrees with Murdock and goes on to say that the nuclear family is typical and normal.Parsons states that the female role is expressive. He makes distinction on the basic biology in that the female is more expressive because of giving birth to the child. Due to child birth the mother has a closer relationship with her baby. The female is a real carer and good at expressing her emotions and is natural in socialising children. The female is a role model for girls in the family . On the other hand the male role is instrumental. He is the breadwinner, provider, supporter of the family, a role model for male children in promoting achievement and giving motivation.There are biological factors that contribute to the difference between male and female in the family. However as Haralambos and Holborn suggested ‘there is no single blueprint for the family which applies to all societies’ (Haralambos and Holborn, 2000) Families vary in shapes and sizes and come in different forms such as the Nayar tribe, which is communal. There is the single parent, the same sex, contemporary and reconstituted family. Murdock and Parsons view of the nuclear family implies that women should be looking after the home and men as the provider and breadwinner.Murdock views can be contradictory because of the different types of families that led us to discuss the following families, which can be referred to as the exceptions to the rule of the universal existence. However, according to Gough the cross-cultural Nayar family perform qualities of the nuclear family in that there is a special and social recognised tie, which exists between a girl and the boy when she had her first sexual experience. The Nayar society of southern India performs as a nuclear family.Before puberty girls were ritually married to a Nayar man in the tali-rite. However after the tali-rite the female was free to take up several sexual partners as a result paternity was often uncertain. The only responsibility the women possess was to mourn at her husband’s funeral. Women would receive visiting ‘husbands’ after puberty as the men spend a lot of time away fighting. Husbands would visit other wives although the husband took preference when he was back home. The husband or wife would end the marriage any time.Other women share in the caring of the children and the fatherhood of the child was not important because of its matrilineal society. The economical contribu tion of males was minimal towards their children. Brothers and sisters of both parents side contributed to the economics and bringing up of the children (O’Donnell, 1985) the functionalist views regarding children’s need for social and stability works well in the Nayar society (O’ Donnell, 1985) Murdock’s view on the universality of the family is too narrow because it excludes many family forms.For example the single parent family is a distinct and viable family type as O’ Donnell states one in five families with dependant children in Britain in 1994 was headed by a single parent. Single parent family is the most common in western society (Bourne, 1995) states that in 1996 11 per sent of people in Britain lived in this type of family. Today it has doubled. However, there are professional women who choose to be single parents as studied by Jean Renvoizes single mother by choice (1985).She examined 30 mothers of this type who could afford to raise a child single-handed. On the other hand the Cashmore Study this showed that non-professional single parents were poorer and some of these women found being single was better than being in an oppressive relationship. Then there is the same sex family ‘as Plummer (1976) argued that homosexual are less likely to establish long-term relationships. Legally homosexuals cannot marry but there are changes in the law that may allow this group to foster or adopt children.There is not enough evidence to support the notion that same-sex relationships are more dysfunctional than heterosexual families. Kirby states (1997) lesbian mothers maybe seen as unfit to nurture children. Then there are mothers who leave heterosexual relationships and enter lesbian relationships- are these women seen as unfit mothers (Kirby, 1997) The contributing family is one in which couples live together with their children for a period of time, before getting married.As Mc Rae (1993) shows many of these couples ma y never marry. Evidence shows that this type of family is less of a problem for themselves or society as a whole, than single mothers, who have been divorced or never married and live without a partner (Kirby, 1997) The reconstituted family is when there are previously married and divorced people with children coming together and getting married who form a new family. Many children are being brought up in this type of family.Many children are being brought up in this type of family of step-parents and step siblings. The extended family is still present in the 21st century. As study conducted by Willmott and Young in the borough of Green in the East End of London such families had intertwined in their lifestyle. The children and parents live in the same area as parents for three or more generations. This family helps and maintains links with each other. Also the mother housewife role is shared by the female members f the extended family (Haralambos and Holborn, 1996) The Neo-Conventi onal family are family of past divorces coming together and re-marrying to form a new family with children from previous marriages as stated by Chester Kirby (1985) There are alternatives styles of family such as the Kibbutz in Israel. Haralambos and Holborn state there are 3 per cent of the population that live in about 270 Kibbutz. These sizes vary from 100-2000 members and it consists of an agricultural lifestyle with some light industry.Children spend most of the day and all the night away from their parents in the children houses. They are educated and socialised by trained staff. Parents do visit their children and spend time together as a family, which keep the strong bond within the family. This bonding meets the children’s emotional needs, whereas the Kibbutz provides for children’s physical needs. (Haralambos and Holborn, 2000) From the post-modern perspectives of the family this views the modern alternatives to the family.This view is saying that in contempo rary society there is a wide diversity of family forms all equally valid, which provide the function of the modern family (Kirby, 1997) In conclusion, according to Murdock and Parson this nuclear family is universal and typical. However this is contradictory because from my research there are a vast variety of family forms that are all existing and functioning, such as the single parent family, Kibbutzim, co-habiting, same sex and reconstitutional.As in the case of the lone parent family it could be argued that the family in industrial society has lost many of its functions. Many of these functions are taken over by the state in the form of specialised organisations for example the social security agency, schools and hospitals. (Haralambos and Holborn, 1983) The extended family still exist in some developing countries today and carry out the duties as the nuclear family. The post-modern view of the family fits in with modern contemporary society.The feminist view highlights the oppr ession of women within the family and changes that has come about. Even though there are differences in the family forms we have to celebrate all types of families. From the nursing profession it is important not to be judgemental towards people and to learn to accept that there are a wide range of families and groups of people in the contemporary society. This post originally appeared on http://www. customwritings. com/blog/sample-essays/essay-family. html

City Life Beats the Small Town Essay

1. This essay is an essay of both comparison and contrast because the author points out the similarities while examining the differences. For example, having a cinema in both small town and big city is a similarity, but one cinema in small town showing three different movies at any one time, and a big city having more than one cinema, showing hundred different movies at once is a difference. 2. The writer uses the point-by-point method in writing this essay. 3. The writer provides an equal number of details that relate to the small town and big city in order to give to the readers a proper understanding of differences between the two life-styles. 4. The numerous resources and options available in the city, for the people coming from different parts of the world, to find a group or community similar to their own origin makes life little easier and comfortable for them, as well as they get the opportunity to learn about various cultures and ethnicities, which is the superior nature of the big city. 5. The thesis of the essay is, â€Å"Life is better in the big city, and it all comes down to one general reason: more choice†. 6. The topic sentence of paragraph #2 is, â€Å"One of the areas in which having choice can be extremely valuable is that of friends†. 7. I agree with the author because of my own experience of coming to the city of Toronto as an Immigrant. The resources, opportunities and comfort that a big city can provide in terms of education, work, health, or entertainment are very difficult to find in a small town.

Fine Sediment Analysis and the Impacts of Fine Sediment Pollution in Brampton Arm of River Nene

All right Sediment Analysis and the Impacts of Fine Sediment Pollution in Brampton Arm of River Nene Introduction:All right deposits are recognized as the most common and important beginning of pollution in the riverine system ( Robinson, 1973 ) . The sediment burdens delivered to watercourses starts from a figure of upstream primary and secondary deposit beginnings, including cultivated Fieldss and bank eroding ( Collinset Al.1997 ) . Erosion procedures and sediment bringing are the built-in portion of aquatic systems that influence the geomorphology, habitat distribution and H2O quality. The aquatic communities are besides extremely adapted and they are able to get by with the natural baseline deposit inputs. Whereas, the healthy fresh water ecosystems besides require the proper inputs of deposits into the system to keep the home ground and alimentary fluxes ( Collinset Al.1997 ) . At the planetary graduated table suspended solids concentrations in many rivers has increase dramatically in the recent old ages ( Walling, 2006 ) . Existing grounds suggests that natural deposit burdens have been well exceeded in many catchment countries in the UK, peculiarly since World War II ( Evans, 2006 ) . The deposit lading into the rivers and channels may be due to some natural procedure and some are due to anthropogenetic activities. The anthropogenetic activities which are majorly involved in the sediment pollution of the rivers are: addition in the countries of cultivable cultivation, taking to the greater countries of bare and exposed dirts susceptible to erodings by winter rainfall ( Greig,et Al.2005 ) ; mechanized farm patterns which compact the dirt increases overflow and dirt eroding ( McMellinet Al.2002 ; Bilotta,et Al.2007 ) ; Intensification of agribusiness patterns by the usage of multiple cropping on cultivable land technique ( Heanetet al. ,2001 ) and increased bank eroding due to the loss of natural hydrology. Excessive all right deposits in suspension or deposited can hold negative impacts upon all the life phases of fish, peculiarly salmanid in many parts of United Kingdom ( Collins and Walling, 2007 ; Collinset al. ,2008 ) . The impacts upon the ecosystems will depend on several cardinal factors like: the concentration of all right deposits in the suspension ; the continuance of exposure to the deposits ; and the chemical composing of the sediment atom size ( Bilotta and Brazier, 2008 ) . These all factors can do the finding of the impacts of mulct suspended atoms on the vegetations and zoologies of the river and watercourse. Effectss of Higher Fine Sediment contents:the relationship between the higher mulct suspended deposits on fish varies mostly, as it depends upon the life phase, clip of twelvemonth, size of the fish, and the composing of the all right deposits and handiness of off-channel home ground ( Bashet al. ,2001 ) . The exposure magnitude and the continuance and the frequence of exposures ( Servizi and Martens, 1992 ) are other countries of concern. For illustration, in reappraisal of the published literature the threshold degrees of the mulct suspended deposits are based on the dose-response experiments which examines the impaired growing, reduced eating and mortality, i.e. 27-80,000 mh/l for Mollusca and 4-330,000mg/l for assorted fish species ( Berryet Al.2003 ) . These scopes of the badness of consequence of SS concentration are map of associated stressors which includes atom size, species life, phase of life, temperature, the presence of certain deposit associated contaminations and the s ediment burden continuance ( Swietliket al. ,2003 ) . Due to the complex nature of the interaction of such stressors, it is improbable that a comprehensive list of genus-based critical suspended deposit concentration marks can be developed in the short term ( USEPA, 2003 ) . The higher content of the finer suspended can besides ensue in the decreased reproduction and the growing of the fish through the debasement of engendering home grounds and surrounding eggs and yolk-sac Fry. For illustration Salmonid eggs requires clean and good oxygenated environment during the embryologic development phase, so eggs are laid in permeable crushed rock beds with interstitial pore infinites which allow the transition of oxygenated H2O, inordinate all right deposits in the H2O can choke off these interstitial pores, blockading the circulation of the fresh oxygenated H2O, which may cut down the egg endurance ( Carling, 1984 ; Mageeet al. ,1996 ) . Furthermore, other effects of the higher all right deposit contents in the river watercourse on the fish biology includes: gill irritation/traumas, tumours and gill flaring ( Berg, 1982 ; Schleiger, 2000 ) ; addition in the plasma glucose in their blood systems ( Servizi and Martens, 1987 ) ; cut downing the migrating population of fish ( Newcombe and Macdonald, 1991 ) , the turning away reaction of the fish compels them to travel off from the country of higher pollution ( Sigleret al. ,1984 ; Bashet al. ,2001 ) ; all right deposits exerts an of import control on the transportation and destiny of a broad scope of agricultural and industrial contamination ( Warrenet al. ,2003 ) , so the deposits can act as vectors for the transportation of the pollutants in the H2O organic structures, many of the pollutants which are transferred by the all right deposits have abilities to poison the H2O system, and do it unsuitable for the aquatic life to last ( Nealet al. ,1999 ) The above treatment can be summarized by stating that the high concentration of the mulct suspended deposits can negatively impact the fish population by cut downing ; 1 ) the diverseness of sensitive species, 2 ) overall population copiousness, 3 ) the proportion of the omnivores within the overall population. All these factors can hold impacts even at sub deadly concentrations of the mulct suspended solids, cumulatively cut downing the resiliency of fish species and hence their opposition to environmental emphasiss including other signifiers of the H2O pollution, marauders, disease and over development. The cause and effects of biological and chemical debasement are good documented ( Fozzard, 1994 ) . Soulsby et Al. ( 2001 ) carried a prelimary survey on the engendering home ground utilized by Atlantic Salmon ( Salmon Alar ) and Sea Trout ( Salmo trutta ) . The high contents of the suspended mulct deposits in the crushed rocks provide cheques on the pink-orange productions in the low-land watercourse ( Sear, 1993 ; Brogan and Soulsby, 1996 ; Acornely and Sear, 1998 ) . The addition in the all right deposits in fresh water ensuing from the anthropogenetic activities and inordinate urban development is the possible stressor for fish and therefore may do population diminution. Additionally it can be said that the turbid H2O and to a great extent silted bed deposits can degrade the watercourse home ground for unattached immature salmonids in affected watercourses ( Lisle and Lewis, 1992 ) . The UK criterions for the mulct suspended deposits were set up by the EU Freshwater Fish Directive ( FFD ) . The FFD defined some bounds for the all right deposits in the fresh water i.e. the suspended deposits should non transcend the average one-year value of 25 mg/l ( EU, FFD ) . This was the lone criterion guideline which should be achieved where possible. No imperative criterions ( the criterions which must be met ) were in being for the all right deposits in the UK ( S & A ; T Briefing Paper ) . A assortment of sediment grain size fractions have been considered by the environmental directors and research workers in their attempts to place aquatic impacts in past. There is immense figure of documents published in past that gave different criterions of the all right deposit content in the aquatic systems, some of them are mentioned below: After the amendment of the British Columbia Water Quality Guidelines for turbidness, suspended and benthal deposits, the new guidelines recommended that streambed composing at Salmonid engendering sites should non transcend 10 % of & lt ; 2mm, 19 % of & lt ; 3mm, and 25 % of & lt ; 6.35mm ( Caux et al. , 1997 ) ; McNeil and Ahnell ( 1964 ) , they suggested that an addition in sediment volume of atoms less than 0.833 millimeter would ensue in both reduced permeableness and generative success ; Whereas, harmonizing to Chapman ( 1988 ) silver salmon and buddy salmon endurance was reciprocally relative to increase in particle size less than 3.3 m illimeter. Furthermore, he besides reported that any per centum of 6-12 millimeter atoms above 15 % or of atoms less than 6mm above 25 % reduces the opportunities of endurance of salmon eggs. Reasoning the above treatment, irrespective of the specific grain size of the deposits, it is readily evident that an surplus of all right grain deposit has possible to negative impacts on the biodiversity of the aquatic ecosystems. It has already been discussed that big figure or surplus of all right deposits would impair the reproduction behaviour of the fish and other life signifiers in aquatic ecosystems. Purposes of present survey:the chief purpose of the present survey is to happen out the all right deposit content of the Brampton Arm of the River Nene, and to compare the all right deposits in the watercourse with the above literature. The criterions proposed by Caux et Al. ( 1997 ) , would be used as mention for this survey. Furthermore, on the footing of the consequences of the experiment, we would hold a clear image of the all right deposit contents of the river watercourse under survey, to pull a decision whether the all right deposits would impact the fish biodiversity in the river watercourse or non. Methods:The method employed for the aggregation of the all right river bed deposits was simple Mac Neil Sampling technique. Three pails of the Mac Neil samples were collected at the site. The samples were dried and so sieved through the BS criterion screens in research lab to hold the clear image of the sediment contents of the subsurface river bed. For the surface grain size appraisal, Wolman technique was used to acquire an estimation for the surface grain size proportions. Consequences:the consequences are attached as graphs in annexures of this study. The analysis of the consequences which are attached asGraph 1shows that the riffle sample of the Bramptom arm of the river Nene was ill sorted ; the deposits were flaxen class crushed rock. It had big sum of class crushed rock and low measure of the really all right sand. The statistics of the sample are attached asTable 1in the annexures of this study. The measure of the really all right sand is below 2 % , whereas, it had big proportion of the medium crushed rock nowadays in it. The analysis of the ripple sample shows that the part of the river watercourse had really low all right deposits in it, which would impact the biodiversity and the fishing home grounds and angling community in the river. TheGraph 2,attached as an annexure, shows the consequences of the analysis of the 2nd sample which was attained at the Pool/Riffle Glide subdivision of the river watercourse. Again the sample was ill sorted and there was a loss of 1.2 % of the sample during the sieving operation. The sample showed the belongingss of sand crushed rock. There was a big proportion of the crushed rock nowadays in the sample, whereas, the sand is merely approximately 25 % . Further grain size distribution shows that the sample contained all right sand of approximately 2.9 % , and the really all right sand is below 1 % . As the sample can be classified as flaxen Gravel, it had major proportion of class crushed rock atoms, whereas, the all right crushed rock is non in important per centums. TheTable 2attached as the annexure shows the sum-up of the sample which was analyzed. Uniting both the samples, the loss of weight on sieving is 3.3 % . The comparative hapless sorting and the loss of weight of sample, h as decidedly impacted the consequences of the analysis. The loss may be termed as general sieving mistakes and mistakes related to the human carelessness. Discussions:on the footing of the consequences, certain decisions are drawn to acquire clearer image of the type of the river deposits present in the Brampton Arm of the river Nene. There was an overall loss of 3.3 % of the sample during the sieving operations. The mistake impacted the consequences of the analysis. Furthermore, the samples were ill sorted, which may be as a consequence of general human mistakes or deficient clip for screening operations. The tabular arraies and Graphs have been attached with this study to back up the treatment which was carried out in the literature above. As there are no perfect empirical criterions available by which we can compare the consequences of the experiment to happen out the measure of the all right deposits present in the river watercourse. For the interest of convenience, the criterions put frontward by British Columbia Water Quality Guidelines for turbidness, suspended and benthal deposits were used to compare the sum of all right deposits in the river watercourse. As mentioned above in literature part of the study, the all right deposits & lt ; 2mm should non transcend 10 % by proportion in the river watercourse. Sediments mensurating & lt ; 2mm if exceeds in the per centum proportion would hold hurtful impacts upon the fish home grounds and the other biodiversity nowadays in the river H2O. The overall consequences drawn from the experiments, and by graphs and tabular arraies, we came to a decision that the entire per centum of the atoms and the deposits less than 2mm were 12.2 % . The per centum is rather higher than the criterions proposed by the British Columbia Water Quality Guidelines. The dirt fish life in the country under survey may be held responsible for the addition in the all right deposits in the river system. Another ground behind this scenario may be that the country from where the Brampton arm of river Nene base on ballss had a big arable land around it, so any agricultural activity transporting out may be able contributes the all right deposit pollution in the river watercourse.

Dubliners Themes and Motifs Essay

In what concerns Joyce’s style of writing we can observe that he balances the objectivity – the attitude of â€Å"scrupulous meanness â€Å" and sympathetic understanding of characters with the help of the stream of consciousness and epiphanies Scrupulous meanness – ‘Scrupulousness’ is a crucial element both in Joyce’s use of language, and in the structure and form of the stories. ‘Scrupulous meanness’ refers to a most complex and heavily allusive style that determines the reading of Dubliners. From the minimum of words Joyce succeeds to extract the maximum effect. Joyce puts this style forward as a means to express his moral intent The Sisters * â€Å"sensation of freedom as if [he] had been freed from something by the priest’s death â€Å" * â€Å"desired to confess something. I felt my soul receding into something pleasant and vicious region [†¦] I too was smiling feebly as if to absolve the simoniac of his sins† * â€Å"†¦I wouldn’t say he was exactly†¦but there was something uncanny about him. I’ll tell you my opinion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (incomplete sentences of aunt) * â€Å"one of those †¦peculiar cases† * â€Å"scrupulosity in the Catholic Church is a very real, potentially paralyzing, mental disease†(Bremen) Stream of consciousness – Depicts the multitudinous thoughts and feelings which pass through the mind. Eveline * â€Å"She had consented to go away, to leave her home. Was that wise? She tried to weigh each side of the question. In her home anyway she had shelter and food; she had those whom she had known all her life about her. Of course she had to work hard, both in the house and at business. What would they say of her in the Stores when they found out that she had run away with a fellow? Say she was a fool, perhaps; and her place would be filled up by advertisement. Miss Gavan would be glad. She had always had an edge on her,especially whenever there were people listening.† Araby * â€Å"What innumerable follies laid waste my waking and sleeping thoughts after that evening! I wished to annihilate the tedious intervening days. I chafed against the work of school. At night in my bedroom and by day in the classroom her image came between me and the page I strove to read. The syllables of the word Araby were called to me through the silence in which my soul luxuriated and cast an Eastern enchantment over me. I asked for leave to go to the bazaar on Saturday night. My aunt was surprised, and hoped it was not some Freemason affair. I answered few questions in class. I watched my master’s face pass from amiability to sternness; he hoped I was not beginning to idle. I could not call my wandering thoughts together. I had hardly any patience with the serious work of life which, now that it stood between me and my desire, seemed to me child’s play, ugly monotonous child’s play.† Epiphany – an experience of sudden and striking realization. Eveline * â€Å"Derevaun Seraun! Derevaun Seraun!’ â€Å"She stood up in a sudden impulse of terror. Escape! She must escape! Frank would save her. He would give her life, perhaps love, too. But she wanted to live. Why should she be unhappy? She had a right to happiness.Frank would take her in his arms, fold her in his arms. He would save her† A painful case * â€Å"As he sat there, living over his life with her and evoking alternately the two images in which he now conceived her, he realized that she was dead, that she had ceased to exist, that she had become a memory. He began to feel ill at ease. He asked himself what else could he have done. He could not have carried on a comedy of deception with her; he could not have lived with her openly. He had done what seemed to him best. How was he to blame? Now that she was gone he understood how lonely her life must have been, sitting night after night, alone in that room. His life would be lonely too until he, too, died, ceased to exist, became a memory − if anyone remembered him.† The dead * â€Å"His soul swooned slowly as he heard the snow falling faintly through the universe and faintly falling, like the descent of their last end, upon all the living and the dead.† Themes General/ Contextual themes – themes surrounding the entire narrative discourse giving it homogeneity .They deal with Dublin biggest issues that have a great influence in every character behaviour.In relation with each individual story they can be central themes or hidden after a detail ,an action ,an answer or a thought. * Poverty * Paralysis * Irish politics and religion issues Central/Characteristic themes * Mortality * Escape * Isolation * Powerlessness * Alcoholism